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34-李敖:坐牢家爸爸给女儿的八十封信-第23章

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(中国直到宋朝才有火葬,《水浒传》你看过吗?打虎的武松哥哥即潘金莲的丈夫武大郎就是火葬的)。 

  印度的火葬是公开的露天的(public cremation),印度古习惯,丈夫死了,太太要在火葬时跳到火堆里陪死!英文叫suttee,印度人以前平均只活三十二岁(现在已到四十一岁了),丈夫很容易早死,一死太太就倒了霉,这种坏风俗,现在已经犯法了。(SUTTEE is a Hindu custom that people once practiced is India。 Its name es from the Sanskrit word sati; which means faithful wife。 By the custom of suttee; a widow allows herself to be burned to death beside her husband's body on the funeral pyre。 The pyre is a pile of material that burns easily。 No one knows how the custom began。 An ancient book states that a widow should lie by her husband's body on the funeral pyre。 A few widows; especially the wives of kings; refused to leave the pyre and burned to death。 In 1829; the British; then the rulers of India; made suttee illegal。) 

  不过做印度人老婆,有一个人至少占了便宜,那就是三百年前印度国王沙迦罕(Shah Jahan)的老婆默哈儿(Mahal),她死后,她丈夫为她花了二十多年,修了一座漂亮的大坟——Taj Mahal,taj是阿拉伯文皇冠(crown)的意思。Taj Mahal是印度最有代表性的建筑,在印度Agra地方(地图上没有,爸爸为你点了一个小·点就在那儿)。它是全世界最漂亮的坟。(TAJ MAHAL at Agra; in north central India; the crowning jewel of Indo…Islamic architecture。 A Mogul ruler; Shah Jahan; erected the monument as a tomb for a beloved wife; Arjumand Banu; better know by her title of Mumtaz Mahal or Taj Mahan 1(Crown of the Palace)。 In 1631 she died after bearing fourteen children in eighteen years。 The construction of the tomb; begun the next year; employed some 20000 workmen for nearly twenty years。) 

  印度女人头上多点小点,叫“吉祥点”,她们披“纱丽”(sari),二十英尺长三英尺宽,不用裁缝(当然裁缝恨这东西)。有的女人穷得只有一件纱丽,所以没法洗换。(Many Indian men have partly adopted European dress。 Indian women; however; remain loyal to the national costume; the sari; a garment which emphasizes their dignified and majestic bearing。 The simple yet extremely elegant line of the sari is reminiscent of the costume of ancient Greece; while its striking colors; and gold and silver embroidery; are a further example of the Indians' love of bright things。 The garment is a strip of cloth some twenty feet long and three feet wide。 It is draped round the body without any pin or button being used。 It is extremely simple in use and presents no dress…making problem。) 

  印度女人喜欢装饰品,甚至装饰到鼻子上,这当然要很有钱的才办得到。印度穷人根本没家,睡马路上,有钱的最阔的有十亿美金!这是最不对的事。英国人统治印度一九○年,这种现象当然英国人要负责任。 

  印度太穷,人太多(全世界中国人最多,其次是印度人)。 

  印度的宪法,是全世界最长的。(The constitution of India is the longest in the world。) 

  印度人吃饭用右手抓着吃,认为左手没右手干净。(他们这些怪毛病可真多!)(The various Hindu castes have different food laws。 Most castes eat only with the right hand because they consider the left hand unclean。 Some castes eat meat; and others eat fish but not meat。 Some eat neither meat nor fish; but so eat eggs。 Still others do not eat eggs。) 

  印度象比非洲象小一点,长得也不太一样。 

  就是中国的墨汁。就是中国的圣经纸。这两样东西明明是中国的却用上印度名字。 

  印度的蛇很多,每年咬死三十万人。印度有玩蛇的或弄蛇的(snake…charmer),在蛇面前吹笛子,其实蛇听不见,只是看他动作再跟着动。(Indian Snake Charmer may fool his audience; but he does not charm the snake。 The cobra cannot hear the music of the flute。 It sways merely to follow the movements of the charmer。) 

  印度人喜欢看猫鼬(mongoose)和眼镜蛇(cobra)大战,猫鼬的动作比蛇快,所以老是占上风。猫鼬鼬平时很温和,但看到蛇就凶得很。 

  印度最有名的文学家叫泰戈尔(Tagore),他到中国来过,得过Nobel Prize(诺贝尔奖),中国的一位学者梁启超,给Tagore起了一个中国名字叫“竺震旦”。(竺是天竺,古代中国叫印度是“天竺”,震旦是“中国”的另一叫法。)(TAGORE was an Indian poet; philosopher; and supporter of freedom for India。 In his many poems and songs; he stirred pride among his Hindu countrymen。 He also had a strong influence on the West。 Tagore was influenced by European models in his writings。 He was a mystical and religious poet; and saw God in all beauties of nature。 He wrote prose and poetry in the Bengali Language。 These have been translated into many languages。 Tagore received the 1913 Nobel Prize in Iiterature。) 

  你可请姥姥替你买一本竺震旦的书看。《失群的鸟》也有人翻译成《漂鸟集》或《飞鸟集》。 

  爸 爸 一九七五年四月二十日 

  你送来的书、卡片、画片都收到。 


 
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萨摩亚与自挽诗

  亲爱的小文: 

  南太平洋有十四个小岛叫萨摩亚(Samoa is a group of 14 islands in the South Pacific Ocean。),东边的一堆属于美国,叫American Samoa,西边的叫Western Samoa(西萨摩亚),是个小国家,只有台湾的十三分之一大,人口十八万,它出产的三种主要东西,念起来都有点口吃(结巴,stammer): 

  一、bananas(香蕉)——nana 

  二、cacao(可可)——caca 

  三、coconuts(椰子)——coco 

  一结结巴巴,就扯不清了,果然出了麻烦。 

  可可(cacao)是做巧克力(chocolate)和可可粉的,但可可粉的英文是cocoa,这个字看起来好像是coconuts(椰子)做出来的,所以大家都叫做椰子粉,其实只是可可粉,不是椰子粉。(Because of a mistake in spelling; probably made by English importers many years ago; these beans became known as cocoa beans in English…speaking countries。 This causes many people to think the beans e from the coconut palm tree instead of the cacao tree。) 

  Samoa这地方气温很怪,十二月最热,七月最冷(December is the hottest month and July the coldest。)。Samoa人喜欢打cricket(板球),但不喜欢打cricket(蟋蟀),板球和蟋蟀,在英文中同一个字。 

  The crickets are chirping(or are crying)。(蟋蟀在叫。) 

  They are playing a match at cricket。(他们在做板球比赛。) 

  更喜欢在雨地里打。(Samoans love to stay out in a cooling rain。)(Samoans enjoy dancing very much。 They also love to play their own version of cricket; a game they learned from the English missionaries。 They play cricket with teams that may have from 10 to 300 players; pared to 11 players in normal cricket game。) 
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