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michael+kramber:给年轻摄影师的忠告-第2章

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The New Yorker has the best long…form。 journalism in the English language。 I read it every week。
如果你做不到大量阅读,那么最起码,你可以去看看华盛顿邮报,洛杉矶时报,或者纽约时报等这些大报纸的头版头条,或者这些报纸网站首页的重要新闻。纽约客杂志可以说有着世界上最好的新闻文字报道,我每周都坚持阅读。

A second language is probably the most important skill you can acquire—far more important that the latest camera gear or a diploma from a photo school。It takes time; but you should speak at least basic French or Spanish in addition to English。 Arabic; or a language spoken inChina; would be an excellent choice also; especially as I write this in 2007。
除此之外,一门二外也是必要的。会一门第二外语,对于新闻摄影师来说,可能比拥有最先进的器材,或者拿到一个摄影的学位更加重要。掌握一门语言需要时间。但是,除了英语之外,你至少要会说最基本的法语或者西班牙语。在2007年写下这篇文章,我或许还应该推荐学习阿拉伯语或者中文。

I began my “career” by photographing street demonstrations inNew Yorkand taking the pictures around to newspapers and wire services。There was easy access to what was happening; which is important when you’re starting out。 And even the pictures I was not able to sell helped me to build a portfolio。 I also began; almost immediately; to work on long…term projects。
我的“职业拍摄”开始于纽约的街头扫街,那个时候,我拍摄一些照片,提供给报纸或者通讯社使用。街头拍摄,是最容易的,不需要特别的许可或者证件。这对于刚开始新闻摄影生涯的人来说,这种所谓的“扫街”也是很重要的。即使有些照片没有被采用,也帮我丰富了个人的作品集。也几乎是同时,我也开始拍摄一些中长期的项目。

I cannot overstate the importance of long…term projects。Rather than run around taking hundreds of pictures of dozens of subjects; it is much better to spend a few weeks or a month with a family; or a group of people and get to know them。Your pictures will reveal your mitment as subjects bee fortable with you。 Choose your projects carefully。 There are hundreds of important projects out there waiting to be discovered and photographed。 Photo editors know the mitment behind this kind of in…depth work; and they respect it。A good photo…essay on one project will be remembered and will help to get you assignments。
我不能过于夸大长期拍摄项目的重要性。与其跑来跑去来拍摄若干不同的对象和题材,倒不如花几个星期或者一个月的时间同某个家庭,或者某个群体呆在一起,尝试去了解他们。当他们开始跟你熟悉起来,开始适应你的存在的时候,那么你的付出就在画面中体现出来了。对于长期的项目,你需要特别谨慎地去选择题材。在我们的生活中,有着成千上万的拍摄对象和题材可供选择。图片编辑们知道这种长期拍摄项目背后摄影师的付出,他们会尊重摄影师的成果。如果有一个好的摄影说明文档,会更容易帮你赢得特约拍摄的机会。

You are going to have to promote yourself and your work。 If you’re afraid of rejection; find another line of work。You have to take your work around; or send it out to editors constantly。Most will turn you away。 That’s the nature of the business。 Get used to it and don’t take it personally。 I was crushed in 1985 when Fred McDarrah; an editor at The Village Voice; spent 30 seconds flip ping through a portfolio I had spent months creating; then dismissed me with a flip of his hand。It took me a long time to get my courage up again; but I eventually did “break in” to The Village Voice; then a major photo publication。
你也要学会“推销”自己和自己的作品。如果你恐惧被拒绝,那么就不要干这一行了。你需要带着你的作品到不同的地方,见不同的人,并坚持发送给媒体的编辑们。大多数情况下,你可能会被拒绝。这没什么,这是这个行业的正常情况。学会习惯,不要总在心里认为这是针对你个人的。在1985年,我花了几个月拍摄了一个故事,当时The Village Voice的编辑就花了30秒的时间看了一下,然后就轻易地把我拒绝了。当时对我的打击也很大,我花了很长时间才再次有勇气继续。我在这里说这个事情,并不是说为了指责这个杂志。我只是想说,在最开始的时候,被拒绝不是什么大不了的事情。

Soyou must be persistent。And remember that editors are extremely busy。 Expect them to take a few minutes to see your work; not more。They don’t need to see hundreds of photos on many subjects。 Show them 20 or 25 photos they will remember and you’ll be much better off。
所以,你必须学会持之以恒。同时,也要记住一点,就是媒体的编辑们也是非常非常忙碌的。所以,他们能给你的也就是几分钟时间,别期望值太高。他们没有时间,也不需要看若干不同拍摄题材的数百张照片。那么,精选20…25张图片,然后展示给他们,这样他们反倒更加容易记住你的作品。

Notes on equipment:
关于器材的建议:

There is no magic camera that will make you take great pictures。Use what works for you。Develop a system that is reliable and that you are fortable with。 Never; under any circumstances; go on a major assignment with brand new equipment that you have not used。I don’t care if it is the latest and greatest。 Often there will be glitches and growing pains; you don’t want these when you’re under the gun。
相机就是相机,这个世界上不存在可以保证你拍出精彩照片的相机。那么,选择适合自己的相机就可以了。选择一个自己喜欢并可靠的相机就足够了。但是,千万记住一点,就是不要带着崭新的,你从未使用过的新机器来完成特约拍摄。我无所谓它是否是最新的相机,还是配置最高端的相机,对于我来说,熟练使用的才是最佳的。对于从来没使用过的新相机,总是会出一些小问题,那么当这个时候,你可能就会体验到它带给你的痛苦了。

For two decades I used primarily Leica rangefinders。 I’m now doing a lot of work with Canon digital EOS models; mostly a 5D and a 24…70 zoom lens。 InAfrica; where I’m based; I always have a Hasselblad for portraits and usually a Leica as well。 I still believe in film but have to acknowledge that for a newspaper photographer; it is impractical at best。
在过去的20年里,我主要使用莱卡相机。最近几年,我也开始使用佳能数码EOS系列拍摄很多作品,我主要使用佳能5D和一支 24…70MM的镜头。在非洲,我拍摄肖像的时候,我通常使用哈苏或者是莱卡。我个人来说,是胶片的簇拥。但是,我必须承认,如果是为报纸工作的摄影师,数码相机还是最实用的。

I’m a bit of a “techie;” I carry a lot of gear when doing long assignments and am always experimenting with some new piece that will give me an edge。 I know photographers far better than me that walk around with one battered body and a single lens and do great work。 I hate flash and avoid it at all cost。 Other photographers who I admire shoot with flash all the time。 There is no right way to do it
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