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但是国家机构的含义不一定是指这一点。它还可意味着各省之间联合起来创建一个机构。不管是何种含义，如果可能的话，成立一个国家机构的好处之一就是能够通过谈判从医药生产商那里获得更优惠的价格。原来是一个省或省内的几家医院针对该省清单上的某种药物议价，而现在这个国家机构可以代表各省来议价。比方说，魁北克省只能代表700万公民议价，取而代之的是这个国家机构代表3；100万加拿大人进行谈判。基础经济学表明，潜在的客户越多，获得更优惠价格的可能性就越大。
43）当然，医药公司就会高声欢呼了。他们喜欢散客买家，那样他们可以更好地为自己的利益而进行游说。他们可能会以要把一个省的工作机会转移到另一个省来进行威胁。他们可能会认为如果一个省的药单上包括了一种药，就会迫使其他的省把这种药也填在药单上，他们不会喜欢全国性代理机构。但是，由于利益的驱使，他们又不得不与它打交道。
由渥太华和各省出资成立了加拿大医疗技术评估协调办公室，这意味着向成立国家机构迈进了一小步。在这个办公室下有一个公共药品评估机构，它向各省推荐应该在清单上增加的新药。不出所料，魁北克省拒绝加入这个机构，这是个遗憾。
一些省府官员们对于联邦政府和省之间的交易感到怀疑。他们（尤其是魁北克省和阿尔伯特省）只想让渥太华额外支付上几十亿加元，但自己却不承担任何责任（如果他们有责任的话）。这就是为什么提出一个国家药物清单的想法得不到落实，而药品价格却不断上涨。
44）所以如果某些省想操控医疗福利事业，他们就必须证明自己有这种能力，他们必须开一张省际单子来终止重复，他们还必须节约管理成本，防止各省之间的争斗，而且还要尽量争取更合理的药价。
官员们喜欢有选择地引用罗马诺先生的报告，特别是有关联邦资金的部分。也许他们应该读读他们不得不说的有关药物的部分了：“为了抑制不断上涨的药价，一个国家药物机构会让政府对医药公司施加更大的影响。”
45）或者他们可以看一看科尔比的报告：“这样一个机构的巨大购买力，会进一步加强实施公众处方药保险计划，以保证以可能的最低价格从药厂买药。”
因此当官员们聚集在尼亚加拉瀑布城开会陈述他们的抱怨清单时，他们应该在自己的权限范围内开始做些有利于他们的预算及病人的事情。
五、 语段选搭题专项突破练习
Exercise 1
Part B
Directions：
In the following text； some sentences have been removed。 For Questions 4145； choose the most suitable one from the list AG to fit into each of the numbered blanks。 There are two extra choices； which do not fit in any of the blanks。 Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1。 （10 points）
We might marvel at the process made in every field of study； but the methods of testing a persons knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were。 It really is extraordinary that after all these years； educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and reliable than examinations。 For all the pious claim that examinations text what you know； it is mon knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite。 41） 。
As anxietymakers； examinations are second to none。 That is because so much depends on them。 They are the mark of success of failure in our society。 Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day。 42） 。 No one can give off his best when he is in mortal terror； or after a sleepless night； yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do。
43） 。
A good education should； among other things； train you to think for yourself。 The examination system does anything but that。 What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus； so the student is encouraged to memorize。 Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely； but to restrict his reading； they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge； but induce cramming。 They lower the standards of teaching； for they deprive the teacher of all freedoms。 44） 。
The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner。 Examiners are only human。 They get tired and hungry； they make mistakes。 Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time。 They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates。 And their word carries weight。 After a judges decision you have the right of appeal； but not after an examiners。
45） 。 Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them？ This is what it boils down to in the last analysis。 The best ment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall： ‘ I were a teenage dropout and now I are a teenage millionaire。
［A］ Every class at school requires homework； quizzes； tests； and finally； a final exam。 We take exams to prove ourselves — to prove we have advanced our education。
［B］ There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a persons true abilities。
［C］ Stress has hit an eleven on the onetoten scale during examinations。 Stress is not healthy； and it makes everyone angry。 The last thing I remember when I go back to school is exams。 Is the school trying aversion therapy on its student？
［D］ The moment a child begins school； he enters a world of vicious petition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured。 Can we wonder at the increasing number of ‘dropouts： young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career？ Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students？
［E］ It doesnt matter that you werent feeling very well； or that your mother died。 Little things like that dont count： the exam goes on。
［F］ They may be a good means of testing memory； or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure； but they can tell you nothing about a persons true ability and aptitude。
［G］ Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects； they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise。 The most successful candidates are not always the best educated； they are the best trained in the technique of working under stress。
答案与解析
41【答案】F
【解析】第41题位于文章第一段的末尾。这同样是一篇结构规范的短文，作者在第一段叙述一些事实后必然要表明自己的立场，而根据全文内容，作者是不赞成用考试来衡量个人能力的，选项F中的“。。。； but 。。。”正是前文“opposite”所